The present invention provides a traction rope pay-off self-restraint device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The traction rope pay-off self-restraint device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle carrier and a restraining mechanism, the unmanned aerial vehicle carrier comprises a battery, a control system and a postpositive camera, and the restraining mechanism comprises a fixing pedestal and at least one set of putting mechanisms. Each set of putting mechanisms is arranged in an installing hole on the fixing pedestal, threading grooves penetrating the installing holes transversely are arranged on the fixing pedestal, each set of putting mechanisms comprises a sucker type electromagnet, a buckling ring, a connecting shaft and a circular magnet which are distributed in the installing hole orderly from top to bottom, and a traction rope fixing ring is arranged on the side wall of the front end of the fixing pedestal. The traction rope pay-off self-restraint device can utilize the circular magnets to restrain a traction rope at an appointed pole position automatically without needing the manpower to fix the traction rope temporarily, thereby improving the traction rope pay-off efficiency substantially.