The invention discloses a multi-claw self-adjusting air-breathing smoke exhaust ventilator, and relates to the field of cooking smoke emission. The multi-claw self-adjusting air-breathing smoke exhaust ventilator comprises a cooking bench, two oil smoke absorbing devices and a control panel. The control panel is electrically connected with an oil smoke sensor, a rotary valve and a motor wind wheel, the oil smoke sensor transmits a received measuring signal to the control panel, the control panel processes the measuring signal and then transmits the signal to the rotary valve and a wind power unit, the motor wind wheel is started, and the rotary valve adjusts a first pipeline to be aligned with the position where oil smoke is produced; and when the measuring signal is zero, the control panel transmits a signal to the wind power unit to stop the motor wind wheel. The multi-claw self-adjusting air-breathing smoke exhaust ventilator has the beneficial effects that automation control is adopted, the position of an inner cavity opening of the pipeline is automatically adjusted to be aligned with the oil smoke; a rotary valve structure is automatically rotated, then a second pipeline can be freely bent, so that the device is closer to the position where the oil smoke is produced, and the absorbing efficiency is improved; and a main and auxiliary double-filtering structure capable of being drawn out is adopted, and oil contamination is convenient to clear away.