The invention discloses a distributed-data management method and belongs to the field of distributed storage. The technical scheme includes that scattering metadata management functions to multiple nodes, creating mapping relations, selecting an implementation structure that a common multi-fork tree and a hash table are combined in metadata tree structure design, adding full path fields to the data structure of metadata, and writing new data prior to logs in data writing; after file metadata is acquired, acquiring the storage location of file data in a mapping mode; meanwhile, supporting file metadata copies and file data copies, adopting the different mapping relations to ensure that the copies are distributed to the different nodes when the file metadata copies or the file data copies are used, and enabling a copy storage terminal to take over a main storage end in operation rapidly when the file metadata or the file data is written and the main storage end fails. By the arrangement, performance and reliability of distributed data management can be effectively improved.