The invention discloses an automatic core taking and transfer device for a core shooting machine. The automatic core taking and transfer device comprises a first sliding rail, the first sliding rail is provided with a first sliding block driven by a first servo motor, and the first sliding block is fixedly provided with a core taking mechanism; the core taking mechanism is fixedly provided with supporting rods in the direction of the first sliding rail, one ends of the supporting rods are fixed to the core taking mechanism, and the other ends of the supporting rods are fixedly provided with a second sliding rail in the direction perpendicular to the first sliding rail; the second sliding rail is provided with a second sliding block driven by a second servo motor, the second sliding block is provided with a core taking tray, and the core taking tray is provided with a hot core fixture. By means of the automatic core taking and transfer device, manual core taking can be replaced, a system is simple and stable and high in reliability, and labor productivity is improved. Meanwhile, the labor intensity of workers is greatly relieved, the situation that the workers enter a site environment with an extremely adverse air condition directly can be avoided, and safety is improved. Compared with the manner that core taking is achieved automatically through a robot, the investment is small, the fault rate is low, maintenance is convenient, and practical significance is achieved.