The invention discloses an automatic distinguishing system for an impact-cone concrete pile foundation soil layer kinds and a work method of the automatic distinguishing system. The system comprises a frequency collector, a wireless digital sensor and a computer. The frequency collector transmits data to the computer through the wireless digital sensor. The frequency collector and the wireless digital sensor are arranged in an impact-cone concrete pile machine heavy hammer. The automatic distinguishing system can accurately obtain the actual soil layer kind according to comparison between the field punching frequency and a standard soil layer database in the computer, the problem that when constructors at the current stage subjectively assess the soil layer kind, the kind of the soil layer cannot be accurately obtained is solved; and meanwhile, the construction design can be checked or the initial design can be changed, the project quality is improved, and the project cost is reduced. By means of the automatic distinguishing system, the thickness of the operation soil layer can be accurately measured, the construction error caused by the uneven change of the construction field soil layer and the insufficient bearing layer thickness and bearing layer thickness measured during lofting are avoided, and construction safety is guaranteed.