The invention discloses a reciprocation cutter device with overload protection. The reciprocation cutter device comprises a cutter stand, wherein the cutter stand is arranged on a rack in a manner of being driven by a first crankshaft sliding block mechanism to make reciprocation movement; the first crankshaft sliding block mechanism comprises a crankshaft; a crankshaft pin is arranged on the crankshaft; the crankshaft pin is sleeved by a bearing; a horizontal waist groove is formed in the cutter stand; a part of a lower side wall of the horizontal waist groove consists of an upper plane of a wearing resistant block; the wearing resistant block is supported on the cutter stand through an elastic pad; a pressure sensor is arranged between the wearing resistant block and the support surface of the cutter stand; the bearing is moveably matched inside the horizontal waist groove. Preferably, a moveable cutter is arranged on the cutter stand, and the moveable cutter is of a self-balanced structure. The reciprocation cutter device has the beneficial effects that the cutter is under overload protection, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged; the reciprocation cutter device is good in balance effect, small in vibration, low in noise, simple in structure, compact in layout and low in use cost.