The invention provides a hydraulic uploading device with diversified unloading force output modes. The hydraulic uploading device comprises two or more uploading oil cylinders with different strokes and different effective areas. The two or more uploading oil cylinders are sequentially and coaxially connected and share a counter-force support. The uploading oil cylinder located at one end serves as a static-state uploading oil cylinder and a single piston rod hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder body of the single piston rod hydraulic cylinder is connected with the counter-force support. The uploading oil cylinder located at the other end serves as a dynamic uploading oil cylinder and a double piston rod hydraulic cylinder, and a piston rod oil outlet cylinder of the double piston rod hydraulic cylinder is connected with a to-be-uploaded test piece. The uploading oil cylinders located in the middle are double piston rod hydraulic cylinders. Each uploading oil cylinder is provided with alocking device for locking a piston rod of the uploading oil cylinder to enable the piston rod not to axially move relative to the corresponding cylinder body. When one of the uploading oil cylindersis needed for using, the uploading oil cylinder is unlocked, and the other uploading oil cylinders are locked. According to the hydraulic uploading device, through easy switching, the testing requirement of the large-load static-state strength can be met, and the high-accuracy dynamic vibration fatigue test requirement can also be met.