The invention discloses a battery temperature detection system, which comprises a plurality of single batteries, a plurality of infrared temperature probes and a battery management system, wherein theplurality of single batteries and the plurality of infrared temperature probes are arranged in a battery box; the infrared temperature probes can rotate in the battery box and sense the temperature by adopting an infrared sensing technology; each infrared temperature probe is connected with the battery management system, senses infrared radiation energy on the surface of the nearby single battery, converts the sensed infrared radiation energy into a temperature value and transmits the temperature value to the battery management system; the battery management system judges whether the temperature value of the surface of the single battery near each infrared temperature probe is greater than an alarm default value or not; and if the temperature value of the surface of the single battery near one infrared temperature probe is greater than the alarm default value, the battery management system sends out alarm information. The battery temperature detection system is large in detection range, high in pertinence, high in detection precision, convenient to install and few in collection wiring harnesses.