The invention discloses a method for coloring aluminum pigment by 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate-iron ion complexes. The method mainly includes the two steps of firstly, using a silane coupling agentand ethyl orthosilicate as precursors in an alcohol system to synergistically hydrolyze the aluminum pigment by coating modification, so that the surface of the modified aluminum pigment contains a great quantity of exposed aminos; then, subjecting the synthesized 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate-iron ion complexes to acylating chlorination, and making the synthesized 5-sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate-iron ion complexes subjected to acylating chlorination react with the aminos exposed on the surface of the aluminum pigment, so that the aluminum pigment is colored. The aluminum pigment prepared by the method is gorgeous in color, highly resistant to corrosion, high in glossiness and good in dispersity and can be widely applied to coating, printing ink and free spraying.