The invention discloses a fisheye image distortion correction method based on elliptical division, and belongs to the technical field of machine vision. The method mainly comprises the steps of calculating center coordinates and radius of a fisheye image, converting the fisheye image into a standard circle mode, dividing the fisheye image into four parts with two diagonal lines, and fitting each part with one part of an elliptic curve. According to the fisheye image distortion correction method based on the elliptical division, a coordinate mapping table is adopted to record a coordinate mapping relation between the fisheye image and a corrected image in the correction process, thus the coordinate mapping relation needs to be calculated only once, the algorithm effect and timeliness are good, and the method is applicable to real-time correction display of the fisheye image.