The invention provides a mounting mechanism and a conductor rail system and relates to the technical field of conductor rail lines. The mounting mechanism comprises a mounting base, an insulator, a fixing device and an adjusting device and is characterized in that the fixing device is used for fixing the insulator in a clamping groove along the length direction, and the insulator can move along ahorizontal rail; one optional end of the two open ends of the clamping groove is provided with an adjusting crossbeam, and the adjusting device can be abutted against one end, arranged in the clampinggroove, of the insulator and used for performing pitching adjustment on the insulator along a direction vertical to the length direction. The mounting mechanism has the advantages that the technicalproblems that during the entering and exiting adjustment of an existing mounting mechanism in the prior art, joint operation by multiple persons is needed in order to prevent possible pitching angle change, construction efficiency is low, and adjusting precision is poor can be relieved; different-direction adjustments of the insulator can be independently performed by the mounting mechanism, the adjustments do not interfere and affect one another, the pitching adjustment and fastening can be performed repeatedly at any time, and the mounting mechanism is simple in structure, easy in construction operation and high in construction efficiency.