The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting lithologic anomalous body by a pore acoustic tomography technique. The method is characterized in that the waveform data is obtained by acoustic detection, so as to detect the lithologic anomalous body. The detection device comprises a main machine (1), an electric spark vibration source and a receiving probe (3), wherein the electric spark vibration source and the receiving probe (3) are respectively connected with the main machine (1). The method and the device have the advantages that the detection requirement of the lithologic anomalous body is met; the cost is low, the penetration distance is large, the primary wave is clear, the detection range is larger, and the detection result is accurate; when the lithologic anomalous body is detected, the detection frequency is reduced, the detection efficiency is improved, and the detection cost is reduced.