The invention discloses a steel rail for a corrosion-resistant high speed railway and a production method of the steel rail, and belongs to the technical field of steel rolling production. According to the steel rail for the corrosion-resistant high speed railway and the production method of the steel rail, the corrosion-resistant property is high, environmental protection problems are less, and mechanical properties are excellent. The steel rail is a continuous casting steel rail which comprises 0.1-0.9% of C, 0.1-0.8% of Si, 0.15-1.2% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.4% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.020% of V, less than or equal to 0.40% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, less than or equal to 0.025% of S and the balance Fe and impurities; and a ferrochrome composite anticorrosivelayer is cladded on the outer surface of the continuous casting steel rail. The production method of the steel rail comprises the steps that molten steel obtained by refining of low-S molten iron being put into a furnace under protection of a high-alkalinity refining slag is adopted as basis and then subjected to continuous casting to a steel billet under the full protection condition, a layer ofanticorrosive layer is compounded on the continuous casting billet between 800-1200 DEG C through plasma cladding, and austenite homogeneity is conducted, so that the steel rail is obtained.