The invention provides a workpiece edge track scanning device and scanning method. A linear laser is upwardly or downwardly arranged in an inclined way relative to the horizontal plane, i.e. the linear laser of a scanning component is arranged below or above the side of the end surface corresponding to the edge to be scanned of the workpiece. The linear laser emits line laser to the edge of the workpiece from the position corresponding to the workpiece in scanning, wherein the laser irradiated to the workpiece is reflected and captured by an industrial camera, and the laser non-irradiated to the workpiece is not captured by the industrial camera so that the industrial camera is enabled to photograph a light shadow arranged on the vertical plane and the edge tracks of the workpiece can be acquired. Compared with the devices and the methods in the prior art, the processing speed is relatively fast and the requirement for the computing performance of the processor is relatively low.