The invention discloses a hard X-ray framing camera and a hard X-ray detection method thereof. The problem that in the prior art, two-dimensional imaging with time resolution capability cannot be carried out on hard X-rays with the energy section range of tens of keV to hundreds of keV is solved. The framing camera comprises a multi-channel hard X-ray detection cathode, a micro-channel plate, a fluorescent screen, a CCD, a pinhole array plate, an electrical control system, a cathode Au micro-strip, a conductive thin layer and a micro-channel plate Au micro-strip. The detection method mainly includes the steps that a target emits hard X-ray pulses to pass through the pinhole array plate, the multi-channel hard X-ray detection cathode, the micro-channel plate and the fluorescent screen, andfinally imaging is conducted on the CCD. The camera is simple in structure, scientific and reasonable in design and convenient to use, and two-dimensional imaging with the time resolution capability can be effectively carried out on the hard X-rays with the energy section range of tens of keV to hundreds of keV.