The invention discloses a collision-type melon seed shelling robot. The robot comprises a base, a separate-seed loading part, a shell breaking part, an ejection collision shelling part, a transmissioncase and a main motor. The separate-seed loading part comprises a feeding bracket; the lower part of two conveyer belt supporting frames is also provided with a feeding hopper; the shell breaking part comprises a side tangent guide plate; the side tangent guide plate is arranged at the end part of the feeding bracket; the shell breaking part also comprises four shell breaking brackets; synchromesh gears arranged below elastic wheel brackets are also coaxially provided with synchronous pulleys; a shell breaking knife bracket is arranged beside a feeding conduit; two shell breaking knives are arranged on the shell breaking knife bracket from top to bottom; the ejection collision part comprises an emission turntable; the ejection collision part also comprises a blowing shot caliper; the caliper is arranged on a caliper bracket; the blowing shot caliper is arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the emission turntable through a sealing pad; and a transmitting tube outlet isconnected to a right-angle collision chamber. According to the invention, an automatic feeding structure, an automatic shell breaking structure and an ejection collision structure are arranged to realize automatic shelling of the melon seeds with high working efficiency.