The invention provides a transparent hydraulic support electro-hydraulic control communication system. The system comprises a data communication bus, a support controller, a signal converter, a crossheading monitoring host and a ground monitoring host, wherein the support controller directly transmits real-time data to the signal converter through the data communication bus, and delay data is stored into a data cache pool; the crossheading monitoring host receives the real-time data forwarded by the signal converter, and/or the delay data is read from the data cache pool of the support controller; the ground monitoring host receives the real-time data and/or the delay data sent by the crossheading monitoring host. According to the scheme, the hydraulic support control system adopts non-main and main-slave communication modes, the data traffic of the non-main communication mode is decreased to 20% or lower of the total data traffic by dividing working surface data into real-time data and the delay data, the congestion degree of the communication system is effectively lowered, and the data transmission reliability and stability are improved.