The invention discloses a LabVIEW-based microsphere sphericity high-precision measurement and control system. Two tuning fork probes are used to form a left-right differential structure in an X direction; two signal generators are then used to stimulate the two tuning fork probes to generate resonance; the vibration signals of the tuning fork probes are processed by an amplitude feedback circuit and are read by the LabVIEW in an industrial computer through a data acquisition card; the LabVIEW determines the distance between the tuning fork probe and the measured microsphere according to the read vibration amplitude of the tuning fork; the industrial computer sends an instruction to a microstage controller, two X-direction nano-precision microstages are controlled by the microstage controller to simultaneously drive the tuning fork probes to differentially approach the microsphere for measurement, and after single-time approaching, the microstage controller controls a Y-direction nano-precision microstage to feed a microsphere position. The LabVIEW virtual instrument software is used to develop the microsphere sphericity measurement and control system, high-precision measurement andcontrol system can be realized, and the control precision can reach a nano scale.