The invention discloses a method for automatically generating photovoltaic panel templates based on a region-line primitive association framework (RLPAF). The method mainly includes the steps of firstperforming remote sensing image segmentation and line detection to obtain region and line primitives; then analyzing spectral and shape features of photovoltaic panels, and setting a rule set for photovoltaic panel extraction to perform preliminary extraction of photovoltaic panels; and on this basis, combining the features of the region and line primitives, modeling a region-line association relationship of suspected photovoltaic panel primitive locations, next, extracting a photovoltaic panel templates using a region-line primitive optimal goodness of fit index to generate a preliminary panel template set, finally, performing Gaussian distribution modeling of areas of the preliminarily generated template set, and removing templates with an area outlier template to obtain a standard template set. Based on the RLPAF, the invention proposes the concept of the region-line primitive optimal goodness of fit index, templates can be automatically generated, and the morphological accuracy defects of extraction of photovoltaic panel targets by the conventional OBIA of first segmentation and then classification can be avoided.