The invention provides an intelligent electric vehicle autonomous driving decision making method considering traveling economical efficiency and belongs to the field of intelligent vehicle automatic control. The method is characterized in that according to distribution characteristics of risk sources in threat domains at different levels, autonomous driving decisions suitable for the distributioncharacteristics can be executed, and the traveling economical efficiency of an intelligent electric vehicle is optimized on the autonomous decision making layer. The method belongs to an intelligent vehicle autonomous decision making field. According to the technical scheme, when a danger source exists in the first-level threat domain of a lane, the traveling economical efficiency and a lane changing risk value are calculated, so that whether the lane changing of the vehicle is executed or not is decided; when the danger source does not exist in the first-level threat domain of the lane and exists in the second-level threat domain of the lane, the traveling economical efficiency and the risk increase rate are calculated, so that whether the vehicle executes an economical efficiency optimization driving decision making strategy or not is decided; and when no danger source exists in the first-level threat domain and the second-level threat domain of the lane, vehicle autonomous driving decision making control is conducted through the call of an economical efficiency optimization reference driving strategy.