The invention discloses a planet serial and parallel hybrid power system test stand, comprising a power system and a control system. Multiple bench tests with different configurations can be performedby moving a sliding gear and switching the states of a clutch, and the configurations include an input power split configuration, an input type power split + rear row deceleration and twist incrementconfiguration, and a combined type power split configuration. The bench test of an engine can be realized by means of simple modification. The performance comparison test of the same configuration with different transmission ratios can be performed only by changing front and rear planetary wheels and a solar wheel. In addition, the test bench not only can automatically run the set conditions, butalso can be operated by a real person who controls a brake pedal and an accelerator pedal so as to follow the operating conditions.