The invention provides a monorail crawler-belt-type water cooling wall climbing detecting robot and relates to the field of wall climbing robots. According to the monorail crawler-belt-type water cooling wall climbing detecting robot, the problems that work such as thickness measuring of the surface of the water cooling wall of an existing power plant boiler, surface accumulated dust treatment andboiler interior condition shooting all adopt manual operation for detection, the work environment in the boiler is severe, the work efficiency is low, and the potential personnel safety hazard existsin manual operation of a blast furnace hearth are solved. A mounting plate is fixed to a vehicle body, auxiliary supporting mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the vehicle body and fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and a guiding mechanism is mounted at the front end of the vehicle body. Thickness measuring probe mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the vehicle body and fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and another thickness measuring probe mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle body. According to the monorail crawler-belt-type water cooling wallclimbing detecting robot, simultaneous detection of a plurality of water cooling wall pipes can be achieved, and the work efficiency is effectively improved. The monorail crawler-belt-type water cooling wall climbing detecting robot is used for measuring the surface thickness of the water cooling wall of the power plant boiler,.