The invention discloses an induced polarization separated detection cable system of a tunnel dug according to a double side drift method and a layout method. The system comprises a measuring cable system, a power supply cable system and a grounding cable, wherein the measuring cable system comprises measuring cables, electrode access units, spring type measuring electrodes and a measuring cable concentrator, a plurality of spring type measuring electrodes are arranged, the plurality of spring type measuring electrodes are sequentially arranged in drilled holes at different positions of a working face and connected to the measuring cables through the electrode access units, the measuring cables at different positions are collected into general measuring cable through the measuring cable concentrator and then connected to an induced polarization instrument; and the power supply cable system comprises a general power supply cable and spring type power supply electrodes, a plurality of spring type power supply electrodes are arranged, the plurality of spring type power supply electrodes are sequentially arranged in drilled holes of the working face, and the spring type power supply electrodes are connected to power supply electrode access units on the general power supply cable respectively through hole dividing wires.