The invention discloses a pressure cell fixing device for measuring the tunnel surrounding rock pressure and a construction method. The device comprises an annular rubber ring which is arranged on anouter ring of a pressure cell and used for fixing the pressure cell; the bottom of the pressure cell is supported by a base support; the base support and the rubber ring are arranged in an anti-sideslip outer sleeve, and the angle of the pressure cell and the fitting degree of the pressure cell fitting into the surrounding rock surface are adjusted through adjusting bolts; the anti-sideslip outersleeve is connected with a lifting sleeve which sleeves a base fixing rod, and the bottom of the base fixing rod is fixed to a fixed base.