The invention provides a multi-energy complementary rural micro energy network capacity optimization configuration method and device. The method comprises steps: S1, according to a wind-solar-gas-cold-heat-storage energy supply model of the multi-energy complementary rural micro energy network and in combination of the time shifting property of a load capable of time shifting, an objective function and a constraint condition for capacity optimization configuration in the multi-energy complementary rural micro energy network are determined; and S2, in combination of the constraint condition, the objective function is solved by a grey wolf optimization algorithm based on an improved dynamic adjustment convergence factor and an inertia weight, and the capacity optimization configuration result of each micro source in the multi-energy complementary rural micro energy network is acquired. In combination of the actual situation in the western countryside, on the basis of considering the load-side response and the power supply reliability, an optimization configuration model with the lowest annular investment cost is built, the optimization configuration problem is solved by the grey wolfoptimization algorithm based on the dynamic adjustment convergence factor and the inertia weight, and rural micro energy network capacity optimization configuration is realized.