The invention discloses a site selection method for electric locomotive regenerative braking energy storage devices. The method comprises the following steps of: calculating a lowest energy consumption operation speed curve of an electric locomotive under a timing condition; carrying out traction calculation by taking the speed curve as a target speed, so as to obtain a space-time distribution characteristic of regenerative braking energy of the electric locomotive in a complete operation process; obtaining a space-time distribution characteristic of the regenerative braking energy of the whole day via a driving operation map; and carrying out site selection on a regenerative energy storage device according to a distribution condition of the regenerative braking energy. The method has thebeneficial effects of taking speed curves obtained via a control vector parameterization method as basic target speeds, and combining traction calculation to obtain more correct practical operation processes of electric locomotives; and compared with existing method, the operation result of the method is more energy-saving.