The invention discloses a shot blasting rust removal device for the inner wall of a self-propelled large-diameter metallic conduit, and belongs to the technical field of rust removal and polishing equipment. The shot blasting rust removal device for the inner wall of the self-propelled large-diameter metallic conduit comprises a conduit, a negative pressure pipe, a shot inlet pipe, a first main body, a second main body, a camera, a bearing block, a ball screw, a sliding sleeve part, a walking device, a first coupler, a first motor, a motor installation rack, a second motor, a second coupler, auniversal joint and a working device. According to the shot blasting rust removal device for the inner wall of the self-propelled large-diameter metallic conduit, because the walking portion and theworking portion are used in cooperation, it is realized that rust removal is mechanically and automatically carried out on the interior of the metal conduit, a large amount of manpower is saved, it isavoided that workers work in the poor working environment, and the shot blasting rust removal device for the inner wall of the self-propelled large-diameter metallic conduit has the remarkable industrial application prospects and potential in the practical application for dust removal of large-diameter metallic conduits.