The invention discloses a floating support module and a floating support frame containing the floating support module for a ship. The floating support module comprises a floating box, a first male connector, a first female connector, the first male connector is connected with the first female connector through a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe penetrates through the opposite side faces of thefloating box, so that the first male connector and the first female connector are respectively located outside the two opposite side faces of the floating box. The floating support frame comprises the multiple floating support modules and protective parts, wherein the adjacent floating support modules are connected through the corresponding first male connector and first female connector; the protective parts are connected with the floating support modules, and are enclosed on one side, away from the ship, of each floating support module. The floating support module and the floating support frame containing the floating support module can be quickly arranged on the outer side of the ship, thereby the periphery size of the ship with the smaller width is changed, the floating support moduleand the floating support frame containing the floating support module are suitable for a platform supporting structure to carry out floating support operation, and thereby the optional ship resourcesof offshore floating support operation are increased.