The invention relates to a substrate storing and conveying system, which comprises a machine body, wherein one side of the machine body is provided with a reserved conveying space, one side of the reserved conveying space is adjacent to an upright lifting chamber, the reserved conveying space is provided with an input portion at the part adjacent to the lifting chamber, the lifting chamber is internally provided with a bearing frame with a plurality of chamber spaces, the bearing frame is provided with a plurality of longitudinal bearing portions, the bearing frames are connected together by alifting unit so as to enable the plurality of bearing portions to rise and fall in an integrated manner, and a plurality of groups of substrate carriers are loaded to the bearing portions respectively through the input portion. Therefore, the space occupied by placing the substrate carriers can be fully saved, and the substrate storing and conveying system only needs to be matched with mobile equipment capable of extending into a conveying operation room to serve as a pickup tool, so that the space can be fully and effectively utilized, and the cost is saved.