The invention relates to a mesh-structure toughened bionic composite material and a preparation method of the structural component of the mesh-structure toughened bionic composite material. The bioniccomposite material is of a laminated composite structure which comprises a plurality layers of lamination units, wherein each lamination unit is formed by sequentially stacking metal mesh cloth, aluminum foil, carbon fibers, aluminum foil, metal mesh cloth and titanium foil from top to bottom. The structural component is prepared by sequentially stacking the metal mesh cloth, the aluminum foil, the carbon fibers, the aluminum foil, the metal mesh cloth and the titanium foil from top to bottom and then performing vacuum sintering.