The invention relates to the field of electrostatic friction and energy conversion, and especially relates to a friction nano-generator with a helically folded elastic structure. The generator adoptsa helically folded elastic structure, thereby being capable of enabling a friction layer of each power generation unit to realize synchronous contact and separation, being capable of enabling a firstfriction layer to be contacted at both sides, and enabling the quantity of electric charged transferred within per unit time to be doubled. The friction nano-generator is mainly used for solving the technical problems of low output power and unstable output performance in the vibration or reciprocating process.