The invention discloses a performance testing and verification method of local voltage and current of a solar battery. The method comprises the following specific steps: selecting a micro-defect solarbattery to be packaged into an assembly sample, testing a dark-locked thermographic image of the sample under two forward biases, performing gray analysis on the image, and calculating local dark saturation current density and ideal factors; determining a calculation model of the local voltage of the battery by utilizing an electroluminescent method; then calculating local series resistance and parallel resistance; obtaining local short-circuit current by adopting a light beam induced current method according to the local series resistance, the ideal factors, the dark saturation current and the parallel resistance, and solving a local IV curve by combining with a single-diode equivalent circuit model of the battery; and designing experiments to compare and analyze the directly tested local IV performance of the battery and the IV performance obtained by calculation, and verifying and revising the calculation model. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for classifying andscreening defective batteries, analyzing attenuation and failure mechanisms caused by defects, and reducing failure conditions of photovoltaic assemblies.