The invention provides a distributed localized relay protection system which comprises at least two sub-machines, wherein each sub-machine is provided with a startup processor, a protection processorand an instruction sending module, wherein the startup processor is connected with a first acquisition module; the protection processor is connected with a second acquisition module; the startup processor is configured to issue a startup instruction to the instruction sending module according to information acquired by the first acquisition module; the protection processor is configured to issue aprotection instruction to the instruction sending module according to the information acquired by the second acquisition module; and the instruction sending module outputs an instruction for performing a protection action after simultaneously receiving the protection instruction of the protection processor and the startup instruction of the startup processor. According to a technical solution provided by the invention, the instruction sending module outputs the instruction for performing the protection action to a relay protection device only after receiving the startup instruction and the protection instruction simultaneously, so that reliability of a distributed localized relay protection device can be improved.