The invention provides a testing system of damaging a movable target board with a bullet, and relates to the field of target damaging. A control system in the testing system of damaging the movable target board with the bullet is connected with an ignition system of an artillery and a movable target board acceleration device through cables. After a test starts, the control system controls a motorto rotate to drive a cantilever beam of the movable target board acceleration device to rotate, a switch pin pops out according to an instruction of the control system, a hammer hits the target board,and the target board can be moved. As the adopted design method is simple and the principle is simple, the use space is saved, and the test of damaging the movable target board with the bullet can becompleted in a small space.