The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting listeria monocytogens and staphylococcus aureus and belongs to the field of biological detection. The method comprises the following steps: (1) taking samples under an aseptic condition, adding the samples into a phosphate buffer solution containing a fifth component of bovine serum albumin, and homogenizing to obtain a homogeneous sample solution; and (2) centrifuging the homogeneous sample solution under low temperature, collecting bacteria, adding a growth solution into the collected bacteria, oscillating and uniformly mixing to form abacterial suspension, taking immunomagnetic beads, uniformly mixing the immunomagnetic beads with the bacterial suspension, carrying out water bath heat treatment, standing and layering on a magneticframe, removing supernatant, adding eluant and washing the samples in the lower layer to obtain a sample solution to be detected, coating a flat plate with the sample solution to be detected, culturing, observing and detecting. The detection method provided by the invention is capable of effectively shortening the detection time, reducing the time cost, and finding and cutting off infection sources in time.