The invention discloses a fine punching positioning structure and a fine punching device, and the fine punching positioning structure and the fine punching device are applied to manufacturing of electronic and automobile products. The fine punching positioning structure comprises a foundation support, a positioning plate, knocking-out air cylinders, knocking-out plates and lateral push air cylinders. The positioning plate is fixed to the foundation support, and the positioning plate is provided with precise positing pins. Bodies of the knocking-out air cylinders are fixed to the foundation support. The knocking-out plates are arranged below the positioning plate and are fixedly connected with the telescopic ends of the knocking-out air cylinders, and the knocking-out plates are provided with balance pillars and outer positioning pins penetrating through the positioning plate. Bodies of the lateral push air cylinders are fixed to the foundation support, and the telescopic ends of the lateral push air cylinders are connected with lateral push blocks. The device comprises the fine punching positioning structure. The device further comprises a material frame, a first punching machine and a first mechanical arm. The material frame is used for storing coming products. The fine punching positioning structure is arranged on the first punching machine. The first mechanical arm is arranged between the material frame and the first punching machine. Automatic positioning can be achieved, positioning is accurate, the whole process is automated, labor is saved, and efficiency is improved.