The invention provides an acceleration device of a moving target plate, and relates to the technical field of moving target damage. The acceleration device is characterized in that a motor is fixedlyinstalled on a base, a main shaft of the motor rotates, a suspension frame is driven by a belt wheel of the suspension frame to rotate to do circular motion, when the rotating speed of the suspensionframe reaches a set rotating speed value, a switch pin connected with the suspension frame is opened, and an impact hammer in the suspension frame strikes a buffer impact block in the switch pin so asto drive a target vehicle to move on a track. According to the acceleration device of the moving target plate, the principle is simple, the movement state rule of the target plate when the target plate is separated is controllable, and the shooting time can be solved; and the use space is saved, and acceleration of the target vehicle can be completed in a relatively small space.