The invention discloses temperature-responsive AIE fluorescent polymer nanoparticles, a synthesis method and an application thereof. 1) synthesis of TPE-OH; 2) synthesis of TPE-BPM; 3) synthesis of TPE-PNIPAM: dissolving N-isopropylacrylamide in a mixed solvent with stirring, and successively adding tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, CuBr and TPE-BMP under argon protection, stirring the mixture at room temperature, dialyzing the reaction stock solution with ultrapure water and freeze-drying the dialyzate to obtain a slight-yellow solid powder, the TPE-PNIPAM. Through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) for introducing synthesis of the fluorescent polymer having temperature sensitivity, the polymer, in a water solution, can be self-assembled into nano-particles and shows excellent water solubility and fluorescence characteristic.