The invention discloses a deoiling, decarbonizing, desulfurizing and low-alkali sodium salt roasting process. The deoiling, decarbonizing, desulfurizing and low-alkali sodium salt roasting process comprises the following steps that sulfur-containing raw materials, oil-containing low-molybdenum-containing and low-vanadium-containing raw materials, coke powder, low-molybdenum-containing and low-vanadium-containing raw materials and alkali are put into a rake stirrer, after uniform mixing, the mixture is placed for 24 hours to obtain a mixture A; the mixture A is added into a rotary kiln type roasting furnace for roasting to obtain a roasting material B; the roasting material B is added into a leaching tank filled with leaching solutions for leaching operation, filtering and separating are carried out to obtain a leaching solution C and a leaching residue D; the obtained leaching solution C is purified after the obtained leaching solution C is subjected to cleaning and impurities removalby a wet method to obtain a final product; and the leaching residue D is placed in a moving bed dryer and is recycled after being dried by hot waste gas. According to the deoiling, decarbonization, desulfurization and low-alkali sodium salt roasting process, roasting is completed in one step, compared with the prior art, time and labor are saved, equipment investment is saved, personnel investmentis effectively reduced, production cost is reduced, and full resource utilization, reduction and harmlessness in the raw material treatment process are fully realized.