The invention discloses a regenerated braking energy recovery optimization method and system for a hybrid power tramcar. According to an operation characteristic curve of the fuel cell hybrid power tramcar and a mechanical characteristic curve of a traction motor, braking operation control optimization of a driving mode is set, electric braking force is fully utilized, and braking energy feedbackis maximized; and then, by optimizing energy management strategies, output distribution of all power supplies is controlled, and braking energy recovery is maximized. According to the regenerated braking energy recovery optimization method and system for the hybrid power tramcar, stable braking and braking energy recovery are achieved while it is ensured that a fuel cell hybrid power system supplies electricity to the load of the tramcar reliably; under the premise of ensuring the braking property of the system, braking optimization of combination of feedback braking, energy consumption braking and mechanical braking is achieved, braking energy recovery is maximized as much as possible, the fuel utilization rate is increased, and the purpose of fuel economy is achieved; and braking noise is reduced, emission is reduced, the service life of an energy storage device is prolonged, the operating cost is reduced, and the braking safety of the tramcar is improved.