The invention discloses an earth surface positioning method based on network communication. The method comprises the steps of obtaining reference positioning and an initial positioning information value corresponding to the reference positioning, and establishing association between the reference positioning and first local time; generating first initial positioning according to the reference positioning; obtaining a moving track of a positioning target and second local time in real time; calculating first positioning information in real time according to the moving track and the initial positioning, calculating a first positioning information value corresponding to the first positioning information in real time according to the moving track, the second local time and the first local time,and broadcasting the first positioning information and the first positioning information value in real time; obtaining second positioning information and a second positioning information value by a mobile terminal; judging whether the second positioning information value is greater than the first positioning information value or not; calculating second initial positioning according to the secondpositioning information and first received signal strength corresponding to the second positioning information if the second positioning information value is greater than the first positioning information value, and taking the second positioning information value as a positioning information value corresponding to the second initial positioning. The dependency of a positioning information obtaining mode on hardware deployment can be mitigated, and the positioning information obtaining cost is reduced.