The invention provides a substrate integrated waveguide leaky wave slot array antenna for near-field two-dimensional scanning. A dielectric substrate layer is internally provided with a plurality of rows of single-row metalized through hole arrays and a double-row metalized through hole array which are connected with the single-row metalized through hole arrays. The distance between two adjacent rows of the single-row metalized through holes is different from that between another two adjacent rows of the single-row metalized through holes for generating a feeding phase difference. The width between two adjacent rows of the double-row metalized through holes is same with that between any other two adjacent rows of the double-row metalized through holes. An upper metal copper-plated layer isprovided with a plurality of rows of slots which vertically penetrate through the upper metal copper-plated layer, wherein the slot positions of each row of slots are different. The slots are intersected vertically and longitudinally for forming a triangular structure. In a direction from an antenna feeding end to a matching end, the distances between adjacent radiating slots gradually reduce, thereby generating phase distribution for near-field focusing. The substrate integrated waveguide leaky wave slot array antenna has advantages of realizing accurate compensation of aperture phase of a near-field two-dimensional antenna array surface, generating a design process for the near-field two-dimensional scanning substrate integrated waveguide antenna array, presenting a triangularly arranged topology, suppressing stray radiation and improving antenna performance.