The invention discloses a molecular detection method for rapidly and accurately identifying weedy rice and cultivated rice, and belongs to the technical field of biology. The method includes the following steps: extracting a rice genomic DNA sample; performing nested PCR amplification on the rice genomic DNA sample; taking a PCR product as a substrate, and performing enzyme digestion reaction by using corresponding restriction enzyme; and detecting an enzyme-digested product through agarose gel electrophoresis to identify weedy rice and cultivated rice. The method can perform identification inthe seedling stage of rice, so that the purpose of early discovery and early weedy rice control can be achieved. The method adopts a nested PCR method to perform amplification on SNP sites, so that the specificity and sensitivity of amplification reaction can be guaranteed, and the obtained PCR product can be directly used for the enzyme digestion reaction of the restriction enzyme; and the wholeprocess does not exceed 6 hours, and needed instruments and reagents are easy to obtain and cheap in price, so that the method is simple in operation. The method designs three pairs of specific primers for three SNP sites, and adopts triple certification of detection results to guarantee the accuracy of the results.