The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials and relates to an anisotropic heat and electricity-conductive polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a heat and electricity-conductive polymer composite material which is prepared from a polymer matrix and a two-dimensional heat and electricity-conductive filler through a multi-flux repeated injection molding process, wherein the two-dimensional heat and electricity-conductive filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix; the two-dimensional heat and electricity-conductive filler inthe composite material is parallel to a plane formed by the injection flow direction and the horizontal direction; the two-dimensional heat and electricity-conductive filler has a multilayer planar orientating direction along a normal direction; the horizontal direction is vertical to the injection flow direction; the normal direction is vertical to the plane formed by the injection flow direction and the horizontal direction. The composite material acquired according to the invention has anisotropic electricity conductivity and anisotropic heat conductivity, the preparation method is simpleand convenient, and the composite material can be continuously large-scale produced.