The invention relates to a light-tactile perception rice crop row center line positioning device. The device comprises a bin body, a crop information perception system, a data treatment system, a formimitation rod; the crop information perception system comprises a diffuse reflection sensor and sensing beams attached with piezoelectric films, the sensing beams are mounted on the bin body in a bilateral symmetry way, the diffuse reflection sensor is erected above the sensing seam in a way of adjustable height and bilateral symmetry, the diffuse reflection sensor and the sensing beam are located in a same vertical plane; the bin body is floated on water surface, the data treatment system is located in the sealed bin body, the data treatment system is connected with the crop information perception system. The invention further relates to a light-tactile perception rice crop row center line positioning method. The light-tactile perception rice crop row center line positioning device and method improves the reliability of rice plant identification, and belongs to the field of farmland crop identification.