The invention discloses an operating system oriented speech interaction method and system based on semantic understanding, The method comprises: obtaining the actual run environment of the user; for the natural language conversation information to be parsed generated by the user operating the device, obtaining one or more omitted recovery results by dialog omitted recovery based on the actual running environment, performing semantic parsing, sorting and user aim analysis treatment on the results; selecting one or more of the results as the result of natural language comprehension according tothe ranking scores, and then, according to the understanding results, giving the interactive operation prompts of voice and graphics to facilitate the user to operate the equipment. By using the invention, the accuracy and reliability of the understanding of the voice conversation of the user using the equipment are effectively improved, and the interaction effect and the interaction efficiency are improved.