The invention discloses a graph data layout method based on vertex influence, which comprises the following steps: according to the graph data, a compressed sparse row structure and a vertex degree file are obtained, and a vertex influence array is obtained by using the compressed sparse row structure and the vertex degree file; the neighbor list of vertices in the vertex influence array is obtained by compressing sparse row structure, and the neighbor list of vertices is added to the vertex remapping array in turn to obtain the optimal vertex remapping array. A layout method according to theinvention comprises the follow steps of: according to the structural characteristics of a natural diagram, the convergence property of graph algorithm is studied, the concept of peak influence is introduced, the degree of vertices is taken as the influence of vertices, the vertices are arranged in descending order of influence, and then the neighboring nodes are remapped in turn, so that the distribution of graph data presents local orderliness, the memory random access overhead caused by structural dependency in graph computation is reduced, and the execution time of iterative graph application is shortened.