The invention relates to a computer vision power flow chart-based power grid fault diagnosis method and system. The method comprises the steps of generating a current computer vision power flow chartof a power grid according to current power flow data of the power grid; and then carrying out fault diagnosis on the power grid by using a predesigned power grid fault diagnosis model according to thecurrent computer vision power flow chart of the power grid, wherein the predesigned power grid fault diagnosis model is obtained by using historical power flow data of the power grid and the corresponding fault type of the power grid as training data. By adopting the computer vision power flow chart-based power grid fault diagnosis method and system, the type and location of a power grid fault can be quickly and accurately diagnosed, the problem of poor portability in a traditional diagnosis technology is solved and the data scheduling pressure of the power grid is reduced.