The invention discloses an underwater gravel paving construction process adopting an air suction dredger. An open caisson hole is filled with gravels through a chute firstly, then the suction dredgersucks the gravels from the open caisson hole to other caisson holes for filling, the elevations of the gravels of the caisson holes are observed in real time, and the suction dredger is controlled towork till all the caisson holes are filled to the designed position. The method changes the situation that gravels are paved only through conveying or toppling of a caterpillar band or swinging of a grab bucket in the prior art, gravel filling with leaked filling and excessive filling being of common occurrence becomes controllable in quality, a guarantee is provided for concrete bottom sealing, multi-point distribution can be conducted, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.