The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment and particularly discloses primary sorting and grading equipment for apples. The equipment comprises a feeding device, a conveying device,an image acquisation device and a grading device, wherein the image acquisition device comprises a camera obscura which is fixed on a belt conveyer rack; through holes through which a conveyer belt ofa belt conveyer penetrates are respectively formed in side walls on both sides of the camera obscura; a plurality of halogen lamps in annular direction and a plurality of first CCD (Charge Coupled Device) cameras are arranged on the top wall inside a camera obscura cavity; a plurality of first CCD cameras in annular distribution and second CCD cameras in a middle position are positioned on the top wall inside the camera obscura cavity; the grading device comprises an image acquisition card, a computer and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders for executing grading instructions of the computer; telescopic ends of the hydraulic cylinders all face to the conveyer belt direction of the belt conveyer; push plates for pushing out apples on the belt conveyer are fixedly distributed at the telescopic ends. By adopting the equipment, harvested apples can be rapidly and accurately graded, then additional values of the apples can be increased, and furthermore the market competitiveness can be improved.